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第三部分进一步阅读书目

欧洲伟大的地理大发现之后,全球各地的联系空前紧密了,众多历史学家通过研究跨区域和跨文明的主题而反映了这个事实。其中特别有趣的是:JohnH. Parry,EuropeandaWiderWorld,1415—1715(NewYork,1949);JohnH. Parry,TheAgeofReconnaissance:Discovery,ExplorationandSettlement,1450—1650(NewYork,1963);P. M. Ashburn,TheRanksofDeath:AMedicalHistoryoftheConquestofAmerica(NewYork,1947);DonaldF. Lach,AsiaintheMakingofEurope,multivolume(Chicago,1965—);A. GreenfellPrice,TheWesternInvasionsofthePacificandItsContinents:AStudyofMovingFrontiersandChangingLandscapes,1513—1958(Oxford,1963);J. H. Elliott,TheOldWorldandtheNew,1492—1650(NewYork,1970);AlfredW. Crosby,Jr. ,TheColumbianExchange:BiologicalandCulturalConsequencesof1492(Westport,Conn. ,1972);NielsSteensgaard,Carracks,Caravans,andCompanies:theStructuralCrisisintheEuropeanAsianTradeintheEarlySeventeenthCentury(Lund,Sweden,1973);CarloM. Cipolla,Guns,SailsandEmpires:TechnologicalInnovationandtheEarlyPhasesofEuropeanExpansion,1400—1700(NewYork,1966);WalterD. WymanandClionB. Kroeberr,eds. ,TheFrontierinPerspective(Madison,Wisc. ,1957);RobertR. Palmer,TheAgeofDemocraticRevolution:APoliticalHistoryofEuropeandAmerica,1760—1800,2vols. (Princeton,1959,1964);HansKohn,TheAgeofNationalism:TheFirstEraofGlobalHistory(NewYork,1962);W. S. andE. S. Woytinsky,WorldPopulationandProduction:TrendsandOutlook(NewYork,1953);BarringtonMoore,Jr. 引起争议的SocialOrginsofDictatorshipandDemocracy,LordandPeasantintheMakingoftheModernWorld(Boston,1966)。

欧洲与西方。相关著作汗牛充栋,令人眼花缭乱。一部非常流行而且写得很好的通史教材是RobertR. PalmerandJoelColton,AHistoryoftheModernWorld,5thed. (NewYork,1977)。以下著作论述了伟大的欧洲帝国:CharlesR. Boxer,FourCenturiesofPortugueseExpansion,1415—1825(ChesterSprings,Pa. ,1961);C. H. Haring,TheSpanishEmpireinAmerica(NewYork,1947);W. B. Willcox,StarofEmpire:AStudyofBritainasaWorldPower,1485—1945(NewYork,1950)。关于第四个伟大的欧洲帝国法国,我不知道英语世界有任何堪与上述著作相比的论著,但是关于总体情况,参见D. K. Feildhouse,TheColonialEmpires(NewYork,1966)。下列著作特别论述了欧洲内部政治演变:CraneBrinton,AnatomyofRevolution,rev. ed. (NewYork,1952);PeterGay,TheEnlightenment,AnInterpretation(NewYork,1966);J. R. Pole,Politic

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